Well, there are many different parts, and it depends on the cell being studied. It varies greatly, so please understand that I'm not even talking about a specific cell, but just what a eukaryotic cell can have (but it probably wouldn't have all of the things listed).
A eukaryotic cell can have a cell wall, plasma membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, golgi bodies, lysosomes, mitochondria, ribosomes, leucoplasts, central vacoule (and other kinds of vacuoles), and chloroplasts.
We can even take a closer look at some structures, like the plasma membrane. The plasma membrane is composed of things like cholesterol, proteins, and lipids.
Some cells even have two nuclei. A micronucleus and a macronucleus!